Recently a lot of persisitency errors have come up. A very common cause is the cascade rules in the mapping as they require close attention. An example of a 'wrong' mapping was the mapping of composite branch structures (CS) (the mapping is shown below). The CS has a list of child structures and these were persisted using a cascade='all'. The same structures were also in the list of branchfeatures on the branch and these were mapped using cascade=all-delete-orphan